Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common and can affect people of all ages. Knowing if you have a UTI is key to receiving proper treatment and avoiding complications. Below, we list the main diagnostic tests used to detect a UTI:
1. Urinalysis
Urinalysis is the most common test to detect UTIs. It is performed to look for the presence of:
- Leukocytes: Indicate an immune system response to an infection.
- Nitrites: Their presence suggests bacterial activity in the urine.
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells): May appear if there is inflammation or damage in the urinary tract.
2. Urine Dipstick Test
Dipstick tests are a rapid test used in pharmacies and doctor's offices. They work by detecting leukocytes and nitrites in the urine, which may indicate an infection. However, if the test is positive, a more detailed urinalysis will need to be performed in a laboratory.
3. Urine Culture
Urine culture is a specific test that identifies the exact type of bacteria causing the infection. In addition, it helps the healthcare professional determine the most effective antibiotic for treatment. It is usually performed in cases of:
- Recurrent UTIs.
- Complicated infections or those resistant to previous treatments.
- Patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes or immunosuppression.
4. Ultrasound or CT Scan of the Urinary Tract
When there are frequent UTIs or associated complications (such as kidney stones or urinary tract abnormalities), the doctor will likely request a renal ultrasound or a computed tomography (CT) scan. These tests can detect structural problems that may be promoting infections.
5. Cystoscopy (in special cases)
This is performed in cases of recurrent UTIs without an apparent cause. This procedure uses a small camera to examine the inside of the bladder and detect abnormalities.
If you test positive for a urinary tract infection (UTI), it is essential to follow certain recommendations for a quick recovery and to avoid complications:
- Follow the antibiotic treatment prescribed by your doctor according to the type of bacteria detected.
- Drink plenty of water. Staying well-hydrated helps flush bacteria out of the urinary tract.
- Avoid irritating substances. Reduce your consumption of coffee, alcohol, soft drinks, spicy foods, and citrus, as they can irritate the bladder and worsen symptoms.
- Maintain good intimate hygiene and use specific products for it, such as Urogelus® intimate gel, which is soothing, refreshing, and antiseptic.
- Supplement with products whose ingredients acidify the urinary pH and therefore enhance the effect of the antibiotic.
- Prevent recurrences with non-antibiotic products developed for this purpose, such as Utipro® Plus AF.
References
• Mayo Clinic. "Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) - Diagnosis and Treatment." www.mayoclinic.org
• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). "Urinary Tract Infection in Adults." www.niddk.nih.gov
